What About Kids With T1d
In August 2021, the FDA granted full approval of the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine for ages 16 and older. In November 2021, the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine was approved under an EUA for people ages five and older. Trials for children and teens were done in separate waves and under equally strict guidelines.
For ages five to eleven, overall results showed that the vaccine is very well tolerated, with a 90.7% efficacy rate .
There were a few cases of mild COVID-19 reported among those who got the vaccine, but similarly to trials in adults and teens the vaccine was shown to protect 100% of those who received it against severe symptoms, long-haul COVID symptoms, hospitalization, or death. About a fifth of trial participants had other health conditions it is typical to ensure clinical trials include folks who have comorbidities so it can be shown how well the vaccine works when there are other health factors at play.
More trials are currently underway for children ages six months to four years so that they may be safely vaccinated against COVID-19 as well.
So while generally children are less likely to contract the coronavirus, it is important to remain vigilant and continue practicing measures to protect everyone like wearing a mask and social distancing to keep everyone safe until were all safe.
What Is Type 1 Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is a condition in which your immune system destroys insulin-making cells in your pancreas. These are called beta cells. The condition is usually diagnosed in children and young people, so it used to be called juvenile diabetes.
A condition called secondary diabetes is like type 1, but your beta cells are wiped out by something else, like a disease or an injury to your pancreas, rather than by your immune system.
Both of these are different from type 2 diabetes, in which your body doesnât respond to insulin the way it should.
Complications Can Be Prevented
Angela Underwood’s extensive local, state, and federal healthcare and environmental news coverage includes 911 first-responder compensation policy to the Ciba-Geigy water contamination case in Toms River, NJ. Her additional health-related coverage includes death and dying, skin care, and autism spectrum disorder.
If you have type 1 diabetes, you already know that there is much to do daily to manage it well. Its relatively easy to focus on the tasks at hand and lose sight of the potential short-term and long-term complications of diabetes. That is why knowing the possible risks of the condition are essential.
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Diabetes Sick Day Rules
If you need to take insulin to control your diabetes, you should have received instructions about looking after yourself when you’re ill known as your “sick day rules”.
Contact your diabetes care team or GP for advice if you haven’t received these.
The advice you’re given will be specific to you, but some general measures that your sick day rules may include could be to:
- keep taking your insulin it’s very important not to stop treatment when you’re ill your treatment plan may state whether you need to temporarily increase your dose
- test your blood glucose level more often than usual most people are advised to check the level at least four times a day
- keep yourself well hydrated make sure you drink plenty of sugar-free drinks
- keep eating eat solid food if you feel well enough to, or liquid carbohydrates such as milk, soup and yoghurt if this is easier
- check your ketone levels if your blood glucose level is high
Seek advice from your diabetes care team or GP if your blood glucose or ketone level remains high after taking insulin, if:
- you’re not sure whether to make any changes to your treatment
- you develop symptoms of diabetic ketoacidosis
- you have any other concerns
Read more about sick day rules
Type 1 Vs Type 2 Diabetes
There are two main types of diabetes: type 1 and type 2. They have similar symptoms and over time, they can lead to many of the same complications. However, they are very different diseases.
Type 1 diabetes is the result of a persons body not producing insulin on its own. Taking insulin is necessary for survival, to move glucose from the bloodstream into the bodys cells.
For people with type 2 diabetes, the cells have stopped responding well to insulin. The body struggles to move glucose from the blood into the cells, despite having adequate levels of the hormone. Eventually, their bodies may stop making adequate insulin entirely.
Type 1 diabetes develops very quickly and symptoms are obvious. For people with type 2 diabetes, the condition can develop over many years. In fact, a person with type 2 diabetes may not know they have it until they have a complication.
The two types of diabetes are caused by different things. They also have unique risk factors.
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Endocrine Excretory And Digestive Systems
If your pancreas produces little or no insulin or if your body cant use it other hormones are used to turn fat into energy. This can create high levels of toxic chemicals, including acids and ketone bodies, which may lead to a condition called diabetic ketoacidosis.
Diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious complication of the disease. Symptoms include:
Your breath may have a sweet scent thats caused by the elevated levels of ketones in the blood. High blood sugar levels and excess ketones in your urine can confirm diabetic ketoacidosis. If untreated, this condition can lead to loss of consciousness or even death.
Diabetic hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome occurs in type 2 diabetes. It involves very high blood glucose levels but no ketones.
You might become dehydrated with this condition. You may even lose consciousness. HHS is most common in people whose diabetes is undiagnosed, or who havent been able to manage their diabetes well. It can also be caused by a heart attack, stroke, or infection.
High blood glucose levels may cause gastroparesis. This is when its hard for your stomach to completely empty. This delay can cause blood glucose levels to rise. As a result, you may also experience:
Symptoms Of Type 1 Diabetes Onset In An Infant Or Child
The young child who is urinating frequently, drinking large quantities, losing weight, and becoming more and more tired and ill is the classic picture of a child with new-onset type 1 diabetes. If a child who is potty-trained and dry at night starts having accidents and wetting the bed again, diabetes might be the culprit.
Although it is easy to make the diagnosis diabetes in a child by checking blood sugar at the doctors office or emergency room, the tricky part is recognizing the symptoms and knowing to take the child to get checked. Raising the awareness that young children, including infants, can get type 1 diabetes can help parents know when to check for type 1 diabetes.
Sometimes children can be in diabetic ketoacidosis when they are diagnosed with diabetes. When there is a lack of insulin in the body, the body can build up high levels of an acid called ketones. DKA is a medical emergency that usually requires hospitalization and immediate care with insulin and IV fluids. After diagnosis and early in treatment, some children may go through a phase where they seem to be making enough insulin again. This is commonly called the honeymoon phase. It may seem like diabetes has been cured, but over time they will require appropriate doses of insulin to keep their blood sugar levels in the normal range.
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What Can You Do
The good news is that managing your diabetes well on a consistent basis can help delay or even prevent most, if not all, of these complications. Some of the most important research studies to date have shown that good glucose control over a long period of time is your best weapon against future health complications.
Its simply having diabetes education and management skills and then sticking to it every day. The proper management of type 1 diabetes includes four main daily principles including:
- Taking insulin as prescribed
- Getting regular exercise
- Consistent glucose testing
Balancing your glucose levels with the first three is your daily challenge. Testing your blood regularly is your way of measuring your progress. But its important to realize that some days your glucose will be higher than others. The goal is to keep it in your target range as often as possible.
Are There Other Ways To Manage Type 1 Diabetes
People with Type 1 diabetes need to monitor their blood sugar closely. Maintaining a healthy blood sugar range is the best way to avoid health complications. You can monitor your blood sugar in the following ways:
- Blood glucose meter: You prick your finger and put a small drop of blood on the meters test strip. Your blood glucose level appears on the meter. A blood glucose meter is usually the least expensive home testing option, but it only reports your blood sugar at the time of the check.
- Continuous glucose monitoring : There are different types of CGMs. Most CGMs require you to insert a small sensor under your skin at home every seven to 14 days. Some CGMs are implanted by a healthcare provider. The sensor continuously records your blood glucose levels. People using a CGM require fewer finger sticks. CGM systems can be more expensive than fingerstick blood glucose meters, but they provide much more information about your glucose levels, including where they have been and where they are going.
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How Else Can I Manage Type 1 Diabetes
Along with insulin and any other medicines you use, you can manage your diabetes by taking care of yourself each day. Following your diabetes meal plan, being physically active, and checking your blood glucose often are some of the ways you can take care of yourself. Work with your health care team to come up with a diabetes care plan that works for you. If you are planning a pregnancy with diabetes, try to get your blood glucose levels in your target range before you get pregnant.
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Sexual Function And Diabetes
Reduced blood supply and nerve damage can affect sexual function. Erectile dysfunction in men is the persistent inability to achieve or maintain an erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual performance. This is a common problem for men of all ages and is more common in men with diabetes. Erectile dysfunction is not a disease, but a symptom of some other problem physical, psychological or a mixture of both. Most cases of erectile dysfunction are physical, such as nerve or blood vessel damage. In women, sexual dysfunction is also reported, although there is a lack of research in this area. It is difficult to know whether this is directly related to hormonal changes such as menopause, or to diabetes.It is important to seek help from your doctor, diabetes educator or organisations such as Healthy Male Andrology Australia.
Lowering Your Type 1 Diabetes Risk
A persons risk for developing Type 1 diabetes often cannot be lowered or prevented since the disease is the result of an immune response. Several risk factors associated with the disease are also unable to be changed, such as ones family history, genetic makeup, race or ethnicity, or other autoimmune conditions.
It may be possible, however, to prevent injury or damage to the pancreas that can sometimes result in the development of Type 1 diabetes. The pancreas can be easily injured due to its lack of protection from the ribcage. Pancreatic trauma, the term for injury to the pancreas, is most often caused by a car accident or a direct blow to the abdomen. The trauma that occurs can be the result of blunt force or penetration.
If a pancreatic injury is suspected, it is important to seek immediate medical attention, especially where there is blood loss, persistent abdominal pain or other symptoms. Those conditions might include inflammation, bruising, dizziness, nausea and vomiting.
Signs and symptoms of a pancreatic trauma can surface hours or even days after the injury occurs. Surgery is often necessary to treat an injury to the pancreas that results in symptoms. Pancreatic injuries can sometimes become life-threatening.
Preventing Acute Pancreatitis
Other factors linked to the development of acute pancreatitis include:
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Pancreatic Islet Cell Transplant
Some people with diabetes fail with insulin therapy and may have reactions to the insulin that is injected. These people may be candidates for islet transplantation. The procedure is a transfer of healthy insulin-producing cells from a donor into the pancreas of the person with type 1 diabetes. Although there are benefits to this procedure, there are also drawbacks including medications with serious side effects that must be used to prevent rejection of the donor cells. One major study found that 9 in 10 transplant patients had their A1c level under control 1 year after the procedure. However, this procedure is not a cure for type 1 diabetes.
What Are The Symptoms Of Type 1 Diabetes
Symptoms of type 1 diabetes are serious and usually happen quickly, over a few days to weeks. Symptoms can include
- increased thirst and urination
- trouble breathing
- trouble paying attention or feeling confused
DKA is serious and dangerous. If you or your child have symptoms of DKA, contact your health care professional right away, or go to the nearest hospital emergency room.
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Anabolic Steroids And Bodybuilding
This period of bodybuilding and athletic sports has seen a rise in anabolic steroid use. To combat this and be allowed to be an IOC member, the IFBB introduced doping tests for both steroids and other banned substances. While the tests occurred, most professionals still used anabolic steroids for competitions. In 1990, the US Congress in the Anabolic Steroid Control Act placed anabolic steroids into Schedule III of the Controlled substance act.
In 1990, Vince McMahon, a wrestling promoter, announced he was forming a new bodybuilding organization called the World Bodybuilding Federation . He wanted to bring WWF-style showmanship and more significant prize money to bodybuilding. He signed 13 competitors to lucrative long-term contracts, which was unheard of in bodybuilding before.
Most of the WBF competitors jumped ship from the IFBB. The IFBB also quietly stopped testing their athletes for anabolic steroid use since competing was challenging. Thus, a new organization did not test for steroids. In 1992, Vince McMahon instituted drug testing for WBF athletes because he and the WWF were under investigation by the federal government for alleged involvement in anabolic steroid trafficking.
Treating Type 1 Diabetes
It’s important that diabetes is diagnosed as early as possible. If left untreated, type-1 diabetes is a life-threatening condition. It’s essential that treatment is started early.
Diabetes can’t be cured, but treatment aims to keep your blood glucose levels as normal as possible and control your symptoms, to prevent health problems developing later in life.
If you’re diagnosed with diabetes, you’ll be referred to a diabetes care team for specialist treatment and monitoring.
As your body can’t produce insulin, you’ll need regular insulin injections to keep your glucose levels normal. You’ll be taught how to do this and how to match the insulin you inject to the food you eat, taking into account your blood glucose level and how much exercise you do.
Insulin injections come in several different forms, with each working slightly differently. You’ll most likely need a combination of different insulin preparations.
Insulin is given to some patients by a continuous infusion of fast acting insulin . This is where a small device constantly pumps insulin into your bloodstream through a plastic tube that’s inserted under the skin with a needle.
There are alternatives to insulin injections and pumps, but they’re only suitable for a small number of patients. They are:
Read more about diagnosing diabetes and treating type 1 diabetes
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Great When Can I Get Mine
If you are five years or older, right now! Vaccines.gov is a vetted place to find a convenient vaccination appointment. Most drug stores and pharmacies have vaccines available . You can also look up your state health department. Each state generally has a special COVID-19 page where they list COVID-19 vaccine locations.
If you arent having any luck finding a vaccine appointment, go ahead and reach out to your healthcare provider. Remember to be kind and patient healthcare providers are carrying an immense amount and they may not have an answer for you immediately.