Symptoms Of Type 1 And Type 2
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes share common symptoms. They are:
- going to the toilet a lot, especially at night
- being really thirsty
- feeling more tired than usual
- losing weight without trying to
- genital itching or thrush
- cuts and wounds take longer to heal
- blurred vision.
But where type 1 and type 2 diabetes are different in symptom is how they appear. Type 1 can often appear quite quickly. That makes them harder to ignore. This is important because symptoms that are ignored can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis .
But type 2 diabetes can be easier to miss. This is because it develops more slowly, especially in the early stages. That makes it harder to spot the symptoms. That is why it is important to know your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Some people have diabetes and dont know it. They can have it for up to 10 years without knowing.
Can Diabetes Be Cured Or Reversed
Although these seem like simple questions, the answers are not so simple. Depending on the type of your diabetes and its specific cause, it may or may not be possible to reverse your diabetes. Successfully reversing diabetes is more commonly called achieving remission.
Type 1 diabetes is an immune system disease with some genetic component. This type of diabetes cant be reversed with traditional treatments. You need lifelong insulin to survive. Providing insulin through an artificial pancreas is the most advanced way of keeping glucose within a tight range at all times most closely mimicking the body. The closest thing toward a cure for Type 1 is a pancreas transplant or a pancreas islet transplant. Transplant candidates must meet strict criteria to be eligible. Its not an option for everyone and it requires taking immunosuppressant medications for life and dealing with the side effects of these drugs.
Its possible to reverse prediabetes and Type 2 diabetes with a lot of effort and motivation. Youd have to reverse all your risk factors for disease. To do this means a combination of losing weight, exercising regularly and eating healthy . These efforts should also lower your cholesterol numbers and blood pressure to within their normal range. Bariatric surgery has been shown to achieve remission in some people with Type 2 diabetes. This is a significant surgery that has its own risks and complications.
What Are The Differences Between The Causes Of Type 1 And Type 2
Type 1 diabetes causes
Type 1 diabetes is believed to be due to an autoimmune process, in which the body’s immune system mistakenly targets its own tissues . In people with type 1 diabetes, the beta cells of the pancreas that are responsible for insulin production are attacked by the misdirected immune system. This tendency for the immune system to destroy the beta cells of the pancreas is likely to be, at least in part, genetically inherited, although the exact reasons that this process happens are not fully understood.
Exposure to certain viral infections or other environmental toxins have been suggested as possible reasons why the abnormal antibody responses develop that cause damage to the pancreas cells.
Type 2 diabetes causes
Both diabetes type 1 and diabetes type 2, require good control over their diet by eating foods that help regulate blood sugar, exercise, and in most patients, medical treatments to allow the patient to remain in good health.
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What Is Latent Autoimmune Diabetes In Adults
Many doctors consider LADA the adult form of type 1 diabetes because its also an autoimmune condition.
As in type 1 diabetes, the islet cells in the pancreas of people with LADA are destroyed. However, this process occurs much more slowly. Once it starts, it can take several months up to several years for the pancreas to stop being able to make insulin.
Other experts consider LADA somewhere in between type 1 and type 2 and even call it type 1.5 diabetes. These researchers believe that diabetes can occur along a spectrum.
Researchers are still trying to figure out the details, but in general, LADA is known to:
- develop in adulthood
- have a slower course of onset than type 1 diabetes
- often occur in people who arent overweight
- often occur in people who dont have other metabolic issues, such as high blood pressure and high triglycerides
- result in a positive test for antibodies against the islet cells
The symptoms of LADA are similar to those of type 2 diabetes, including:
- excessive thirst
How Type 2 Diabetes Develops
Type 2 diabetes is different. The autoimmune systems of people with type 2 diabetes dont attack beta cells. Instead, type 2 diabetes is characterised by the body losing its ability to respond to insulin. This is known as insulin resistance
The body compensates for the ineffectiveness of its insulin by producing more, but it cant always produce enough. Over time, the strain placed on the beta cells by this level of insulin production can destroy them, diminishing insulin production.
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Difference Between Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
December 17, 2010 Posted by Dr.Guru
Type 1 vs Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes are two types of Diabetes.Diabetes Mellitus is a condition where the blood glucose level is increased beyond the normal level and the action of the insulin is blocked. In type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, there is a total deficiency of insulin. In type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, the insulin is there but the receptor for the insulin is not working properly.
Diabetes Mellitus is a disease which needs lifelong care and there is no definite treatment to CURE the diabetes. Diabetes Mellitus is a condition where the blood glucose level is increased beyond the normal level. When blood glucose is raised in the blood, the hormone INSULIN will be secreted by the pancreas. Insulin deficiency or failure of receptor to respond to the insulin properly is called insulin resistance.
If the body has no insulin then that Diabetes mellitus is named as type 1 diabetes mellitus . These patients are depended on the insulin which is given by injection or insulin pen. This type one diabetes usually starts in the early part of ones life young children and adolescences are affected by type 1 insulin. If they were not given insulin, the blood glucose rise and they will die of a disease condition called diabetic keto acidosis. This is an emergency.
The Difference Between Type1 And Type2 Diabetes Mellitus
There are several differences between type1 and type2 diabetes mellitus. First, type 1 diabetes most often develops in young children while type2 diabetes can occur at any age. Additionally, type1 patients are dependent on insulin because their pancreas does not produce any. Those with type2 may produce some insulin in their pancreas, but they do not produce enough, or it is not used efficiently in their bodies.
Another difference between the two types is that those with type one can experience episodes of low blood sugar as well as high levels while those with type2 rarely do. Moreover, type1 diabetes cannot be prevented, but, in many cases, type2 can be avoided. Finally, there are many more cases of type2 diabetes are documented.
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Symptoms And Risk Factors
It can take months or years for enough beta cells to be destroyed before symptoms of type 1 diabetes are noticed. Type 1 diabetes symptoms can develop in just a few weeks or months. Once symptoms appear, they can be severe.
Some type 1 diabetes symptoms are similar to symptoms of other health conditions. Dont guessif you think you could have type 1 diabetes, see your doctor right away to get your blood sugar tested. Untreated diabetes can lead to very seriouseven fatalhealth problems.
Risk factors for type 1 diabetes are not as clear as for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes, though family history is known to play a part.
Phenotypic Consequences Of The Familial Clustering
The consequence of such genetic admixture for type 1 or type 2 diabetes is not known, but the existing data suggest that patients with double genetic predisposition have an intermediate phenotype. Family history for type 2 diabetes is associated with insulin resistance and cardiovascular complications in type 1 diabetic patients. In the Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study, the best predictors of insulin resistance in type 1 diabetes were an elevated waist-to-hip ratio, the presence of hypertension, HbA1 level, and family history of type 2 diabetes . Family history of type 2 diabetes was a significant risk factor for coronary artery disease , and parental type 2 diabetes conferred a threefold risk for nephropathy after adjustment for sex, glycemic control, and family history of hypertension . Furthermore, family history of type 2 diabetes and/or hypertension predicted progression of carotid intima-media thickness in a 10-year follow-up study of type 1 diabetic patients, who at baseline were 21 years old with diabetes duration of 12 years . Preliminary data from the FinnDiane Study showed that according to the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria for metabolic syndrome, one-third of normoalbuminuric type 1 diabetic patients had metabolic syndrome, and 14% fulfilled more than four diagnostic criteria .
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Age Of Onset Of Diabetes
Type 1 is often called juvenile diabetes because it often begins in children and adolescents and usually comes on quite suddenly without warning. Type 2 more often develops later in life and can be preceded by a long period of pre-diabetes where symptoms exist but not to the point where diabetes would be diagnosed.
It is possible for children to develop type 2 and also for adults to develop type 1, so this is not a true difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes. However, the fact remains that most diabetic children have type 1, even though type 1 accounts for only 10% of the diabetic population.
T1dm Vs T2dm Definition:
Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune complication as compared to type 2 diabetes in which insulin is not being used properly. As a matter of fact, the actual difference between both types is that in type 1 your bodyâs immune cells are killing and targeting its own cells while in type 2 your body is not utilizing insulin efficiently as it should.
In type 2 diabetes, although enough insulin is being produced by your body your cells are not capable of responding to it. In type 1 diabetes, since beta cells are being destroyed by your own immune system, there are fewer beta cells left to produce enough insulin which can help maintain blood sugar levels.
Typically, the confusion is caused because of the common consequence of these two types which is hyperglycemia . But the mechanism by which this condition is induced is very different.
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Are There Other Treatment Options For Diabetes
Yes. There are two types of transplantations that might be an option for a select number of patients who have Type 1 diabetes. A pancreas transplant is possible. However, getting an organ transplant requires taking immune-suppressing drugs for the rest of your life and dealing with the side effects of these drugs. However, if the transplant is successful, youll likely be able to stop taking insulin.
Another type of transplant is a pancreatic islet transplant. In this transplant, clusters of islet cells are transplanted from an organ donor into your pancreas to replace those that have been destroyed.
Another treatment under research for Type 1 diabetes is immunotherapy. Since Type 1 is an immune system disease, immunotherapy holds promise as a way to use medication to turn off the parts of the immune system that cause Type 1 disease.
Bariatric surgery is another treatment option thats an indirect treatment for diabetes. Bariatric surgery is an option if you have Type 2 diabetes, are obese and considered a good candidate for this type of surgery. Much improved blood glucose levels are seen in people who have lost a significant amount of weight.
Of course other medications are prescribed to treat any existing health problems that contribute to increasing your risk of developing diabetes. These conditions include high blood pressure, high cholesterol and other heart-related diseases.
Managing And Treating Type 1 And Type 2
Managing and treating your diabetes is so important. This is because itll help you avoid serious health complications. And itll play a big part in your daily life regardless of if you have type 1 or type 2.
If you have type 1 diabetes, youll need to take insulin to control your blood sugar levels. Youll also need to test your blood glucose levels regularly. And count how many carbs you eat and drink. Counting carbs will help you work out how much insulin you should take when you inject with your meals.
And generally you should be trying to have a healthy lifestyle. That includes regular physical activity and a healthy balanced diet. These will help you reduce your risk of diabetes complications.
If you have type 2 diabetes, you also need to eat a healthy diet and be active. These things will help you manage your weight and diabetes.
But quite often people with type 2 also need to take medication. Such as tablets and insulin, or other treatments too. Whether you need to test your blood glucose level like someone with type 1, depends on the treatment you take. Your GP can tell you what you should do at home.
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Type 1 Vs Type 2 Complications
As for complications, both type 1 and type 2 diabetics are at high risk for problems with their eyesalso known as diabetic retinopathywhich is the leading cause of blindness in the U.S., Dr. Block says. Diabetics require an eye exam every year with a dilation exam to keep up with their eye health. Dr. Block adds that those with type 1 and 2 diabetes also can develop kidney problems, as well as peripheral neuropathy, which can cause numbing and burning in the hands and feet. Type 2 diabetics tend to have more problems with cholesterol and heart problems, he says.
In some cases, those with undiagnosed diabetes can reach the point of diabetic ketoacidosis . Diabetic ketoacidosis occurs when the body produces excess ketones, or blood acids, when there isnt enough insulin in the body. This is dangerous and requires treatment in an intensive care unit, Dr. Block says. If DKA goes untreated, the result is often fatal.
What Are Typical Diabetes Mellitus Symptoms
For those affected by diabetes mellitus, the lack of sugar in their cells becomes noticeable over time, as the body lacks the energy it needs in various places.
One of the better-known diabetes mellitus symptoms is diabetic foot syndrome. Years of elevated blood sugar levels can damage the nerves and blood flow in the foot. For this reason, many people with diabetes are more affected by injuries to their feet, and the wounds do not heal well on their own. Wounds can become very deep and large if they are not treated in time. In the worst case, the tissue can be so damaged by the wounds that toes or even the foot have to be amputated.
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Is Red Meat Bad For Diabetes
Eating red meat, such as beef, pork, and lamb, may increase the risk of diabetes, even at low levels of consumption. The authors of a review paper concluded that eating one 3.5-ounce serving per day of unprocessed red meat, such as beef, increased a person’s risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 19%.
Type 1 Vs Type 2 Diabetes Symptoms
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes have overlapping symptoms, but there are some differences. According to the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases , symptoms of type 1 diabetes can onset quickly, while symptoms of type 2 diabetes often develop slowly.
Type 1 diabetes symptoms
The ADA says the following symptoms are quite common in those with type 1 diabetes:
- Frequent urination
- Tingling, pain, or numbing of the hands or feet
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How Are Type1 And Type2 Diabetes Mellitus Similar
Both types are similar in that they can cause complications if not treated properly. Blindness, kidney failure, and amputations are just some of the possible complications of diabetes when it is left untreated. In addition, both types are monitored in a similar manner and both can be treated with insulin when necessary. Care must be taken with all diabetic patients to keep blood sugar levels consistent.
What Does Diabetes Do To The Body
People with type 1 diabetes do not produce insulin, and as a result sugar builds up in the blood instead of going into the cells, where it’s needed for energy. In type 1 diabetes, high blood sugar causes symptoms like thirst, hunger, and fatigue and can cause devastating consequences, including damage to the nerves, blood vessels, and internal organs. The same scary complications of diabetes appear in type 2 as well. The difference is that people with type 2 diabetes still produce insulin their bodies just become less sensitive to it over time, which is what causes the complications.
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What Should I Expect If I Have Been Diagnosed With Diabetes
If you have diabetes, the most important thing you can do is keep your blood glucose level within the target range recommended by your healthcare provider. In general, these targets are:
- Before a meal: between 80 and 130 mg/dL.
- About two hours after the start of a meal: less than 180 mg/dL.
You will need to closely follow a treatment plan, which will likely include following a customized diet plan, exercising 30 minutes five times a week, quitting smoking, limiting alcohol and getting seven to nine hours of sleep a night. Always take your medications and insulin as instructed by your provider.