What Are The Two Different Types Of Diabetes

How Can I Manage My Type 2 Diabetes

Managing your blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol, and quitting smoking if you smoke, are important ways to manage your type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle changes that include planning healthy meals, limiting calories if you are overweight, and being physically active are also part of managing your diabetes. So is taking any prescribed medicines. Work with your health care team to create a diabetes care plan that works for you.

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While living with diabetes is demanding, many people successfully manage their illnesses by making thoughtful lifestyle choices and following medical advice. At Northwest Primary Care we offer our Portland area patients a specialized diabetes management program thats designed to meet your care needs and to provide you with the proper tools to manage your condition.

Do you have more questions about diabetes? Reach out to the team at NWPC, our practitioners are here to help. Contact us to schedule an in-person or telehealth appointment today!

What They Have In Common

All types of diabetes are characterized by changes in the function of insulin, a hormone produced by the pancreas that helps to move glucose from the blood into cells, where it’s used for fuel.

Depending on the type of diabetes, either the pancreas does not produce insulin or the body is unable to use it as it should. Either way, without ample insulin or a healthy response to it, the sugar circulating in the blood cannot get into cells.

Early symptoms of diabetes, whatever the type, include fatigue, extreme thirst, and frequent urination.

If the disease progresses, a number of complications are possible, including vision changes or loss , diabetic neuropathy , increased risk of heart disease, kidney damage, and more.

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Latent Autoimmune Diabetes In Adults

Like type 1 diabetes, LADA is an autoimmune disease. Also known as type 1.5 diabetes, LADA most often sets in around age 30. For that reason, it is sometimes initially misdiagnosed as type 2 diabetes. One telltale difference between the two is that LADA is not associated with weight gain.

With LADA, the body attacks the beta cells of the pancreas that produce insulin, severely limiting the body’s insulin production over time. This may happen quickly or be drawn out over a longer period of time.

People affected by LADA may have a family history of autoimmune conditions or a genetic predisposition to type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

Treatment for LADA involves supporting the body’s existing insulin production for as long as it lasts, then transitioning to regular insulin, other medications , and a healthy diet and regular physical activity.

Diabetes Can Be Managed With Proper Care

Irrespective of the differences between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, all individuals with diabetes must follow up closely with their primary care provider. Diabetes is not a benign illness and can result in devastating complications that can result in loss of vision, kidneys, limbs, heart attacks, stroke, and even premature death if not treated appropriately. The key is to take steps to maintain healthy blood sugar levels every day.

Cano Health has been specializing in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes care managementfor years and knows exactly how to apply that to senior care as well. Contact us today for more information about how to better live with the disease and manage it so you can live well.

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Differences Between Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes

According to the National Diabetes Statistics Report for 2020 compiled by the Centers for Disease Control , more than 34 million Americans are currently living with diabetes. Thats more than one out of every 10 people in the United States.

On top of these staggering statistics, another 88 million Americans are facing pre-diabetes, which correlates to about one out of every three people in the nation. These individuals need to be on high alert because with the right lifestyle and dietary changes they just might be able to avoid joining the ranks of Americans living with diabetes.

The overwhelming majority of diabetic cases are type 2 diabetes. In fact, only about 5% of all cases found in the United States are classified as type 1 diabetes. Its important to distinguish the differences between the two primary types of diabetes, because how they begin, how they act upon the body, and how they are treated can be very different.

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/5how Is It Diagnosed

As discussed, type 1.5 diabetes usually occurs in adulthood, specifically in people over 40, which is why it is often misunderstood with type 2 diabetes.

Nevertheless, the primary step in diagnosing the condition is to check for abnormally high blood sugar levels. But this will not determine which type of diabetes you have, which is why you may have to take a test to determine the presence of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies , which will indicate an immune system attack. Also, GAD is an antibody that destroys insulin-producing pancreatic cells in people with type 1.5.

Other Forms Of Diabetes

In 1% to 5% of people who have diabetes, other conditions might be the cause. These include diseases of the pancreas, certain surgeries and medications, and infections. In these cases, your doctor might want to keep an eye on your blood sugar levels.

Show Sources

American Diabetes Association: “Frequently Asked Questions about Pre-Diabetes,” “Type 2 Diabetes,” “The Dangerous Toll of Diabetes,” tion: “Gestational Diabetes,” “About Insulin and Other Drugs.”

National Library of Medicine: “Diabetes.”

National Diabetes Education Project: “About Diabetes and Pre-Diabetes.”

National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse : “National Diabetes Statistics, 2011.”

Merck Manual Consumer Version: âDiabetes Mellitus .â

CDC: âAbout Diabetes,â âPrediabetes: Your Chance to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes.â

World Journal of Diabetes: âType 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents.â

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What Are The Different Types Of Diabetes

The types of diabetes are:

• Type 1 diabetes: This type is an autoimmune disease, meaning your body attacks itself. In this case, the insulin-producing cells in your pancreas are destroyed. Up to 10% of people who have diabetes have Type 1. Its usually diagnosed in children and young adults . It was once better known as juvenile diabetes. People with Type 1 diabetes need to take insulin every day. This is why it is also called insulin-dependent diabetes.
• Type 2 diabetes: With this type, your body either doesnt make enough insulin or your bodys cells dont respond normally to the insulin. This is the most common type of diabetes. Up to 95% of people with diabetes have Type 2. It usually occurs in middle-aged and older people. Other common names for Type 2 include adult-onset diabetes and insulin-resistant diabetes. Your parents or grandparents may have called it having a touch of sugar.
• Prediabetes: This type is the stage before Type 2 diabetes. Your blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be officially diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes.
• Gestational diabetes: This type develops in some women during their pregnancy. Gestational diabetes usually goes away after pregnancy. However, if you have gestational diabetes you’re at higher risk of developing Type 2 diabetes later on in life.

Less common types of diabetes include:

Diabetes insipidus is a distinct rare condition that causes your kidneys to produce a large amount of urine.

Type 1 And Type 2 Differences

Below is a guide to some of the main differences between type 1 and type 2.

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What Insulin Medications Are Approved To Treat Diabetes

There are many types of insulins for diabetes. If you need insulin, you healthcare team will discuss the different types and if they are to be combined with oral medications. To follow is a brief review of insulin types.

• Rapid-acting insulins: These insulins are taken 15 minutes before meals, they peak at one hour and work for another two to four hours. Examples include insulin glulisine , insulin lispro and insulin aspart .
• Short-acting insulins: These insulins take about 30 minutes to reach your bloodstream, reach their peak effects in two to three hours and last for three to six hours. An example is insulin regular .
• Intermediate-acting insulins: These insulins reach your bloodstream in two to four hours, peak in four to 12 hours and work for up to 18 hours. An example in NPH.
• Long-acting insulins: These insulins work to keep your blood sugar stable all day. Usually, these insulins last for about 18 hours. Examples include insulin glargine , insulin detemir and insulin degludec .

There are insulins that are a combination of different insulins. There are also insulins that are combined with a GLP-1 receptor agonist medication .

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What To Eat For Diabetes Control

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Testing For Type 2 Diabetes And Prediabetes In Asymptomatic Adults

Prediabetes and diabetes meet criteria for conditions in which early detection is appropriate. Both conditions are common and impose significant clinical and public health burdens. There is often a long presymptomatic phase before the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Simple tests to detect preclinical disease are readily available. The duration of glycemic burden is a strong predictor of adverse outcomes. There are effective interventions that prevent progression from prediabetes to diabetes and reduce the risk of diabetes complications .

Additional considerations regarding testing for type 2 diabetes and prediabetes in asymptomatic patients include the following:

Age

Testing recommendations for diabetes in asymptomatic adults are listed in . Age is a major risk factor for diabetes. Testing should begin at age 45 years for all patients, particularly those who are overweight or obese.

BMI and Ethnicity

Evidence also suggests that other populations may benefit from lower BMI cut points. For example, in a large multiethnic cohort study, for an equivalent incidence rate of diabetes, a BMI of 30 kg/m2 in non-Hispanic whites was equivalent to a BMI of 26 kg/m2 in African Americans .

Medications

Certain medications, such as glucocorticoids, thiazide diuretics, and atypical antipsychotics , are known to increase the risk of diabetes and should be considered when ascertaining a diagnosis.

Diagnostic Tests

Testing Interval

Community Screening

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Which Diets Are Recommended For Diabetes

Nutritional management and managing your blood sugar are key to living with diabetes.

If you have type 1 diabetes, work with your doctor to identify how much insulin you may need to inject after eating certain types of food.

For example, certain carbohydrates can cause blood sugar levels to quickly increase in people with type 1 diabetes. Youll need to counteract this by taking insulin, but youll need to know how much insulin to take. Learn more about type 1 diabetes and diet.

People with type 2 diabetes need to focus on healthy eating.

Weight loss of type 2 diabetes treatment plans. A doctor or nutritionist may recommend a low-calorie meal plan. This could mean reducing your consumption of animal fats and junk food.

Typically, people with type 2 diabetes or prediabetes are recommended to reduce their consumption of processed foods, trans fat, sugary drinks, and alcohol.

People with diabetes may need to try different diets and nutritional plans to find a plan that works for their health, lifestyle, and budget.